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EuroEducation.net The European Education Directory |
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| Hungary |
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Structure of Educational System Admissions to Higher Education and Recognition of Foreign Credentials Student Life International Cooperation and Exchanges |
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INSTITUTION TYPES & CREDENTIALS Types of higher education institutions: Egyetem (University) Főiskola (College) School leaving and higher education
credentials: Erettségi
Bizonyítvány Főiskolai Oklevél Egyetemi Oklevél Sszakirányú
Továbbképzési Oklevél Doctori Oklevél STRUCTURE OF EDUCATION SYSTEM Pre-higher
education: Duration
of compulsory education: Age of
entry: 6 Age of
exit: 18 Structure of school system: Basic First Stage Type of
school providing this education: Általános iskola (Elementary School) Length
of program in years: 4 Age level from: 6 to: 10 Basic Second Stage Type of
school providing this education: Általános iskola Length
of program in years: 4 Age level from: 10 to: 14 Comprehensive Type of
school providing this education: Gimnázium (Four-Year (Regular) General Secondary
School Length
of program in years: 4 Age
level from: 14 to: 18 Certificate/diploma awarded: Erettségi
Bizonyítvány/Secondary School Leaving Certificate General Secondary Type of
school providing this education: Gimnázium Length
of program in years: 8 Age
level from: 10 to: 18 Certificate/diploma awarded: Érettségi
Bizonyítvány/Secondary School Leaving Certificate General Secondary Type of
school providing this education: Gimnázium Length
of program in years: 6 Age
level from: 12 to: 18 Certificate/diploma awarded: Érettségi
Bizonyítvány/Secondary School Leaving Certificate Vocational Secondary Type of
school providing this education: Szakkozepiskola (Vocational Secondary School, type
1) Length
of program in years: 4 Age
level from: 14 to: 18 Certificate/diploma awarded: Érettségi
Bizonyítvány after finishing the 4th year and Higher Level Vocational
Qualification after completing the vocational training Vocational Type of
school providing this education: Szakiskola 4-year Vocational School Length
of program in years: 3 Age
level from: 14 to: 17 Certificate/diploma
awarded: Lower Level Vocational Qualification School
education: Basic education lasts for eight
years divided into two stages of four years each. Secondary education is
provided in comprehensive/academic secondary schools (gimnázium) or vocational
secondary schools (szakközépiiskola). Schools often offer more than one programme
(e.g. academic and vocational, academic four- or six-year courses). The typical
institutions offering general education and an Upper Secondary School Leaving
Certificate are known as comprehensive/academic secondary schools (gimnázium)
and may be attended for four, five (e.g. bilingual secondary schools), six or
eight years. Secondary vocational schools (szakközépiskola) and vocational
schools (szakiskola) train in the fields of humanities, technical, agricultural
sciences and services. Secondary vocational schools provide general education
in the first four years and award the Secondary School Leaving Certificates.
Vocational education generally begins after the fourth year, although some
introductory vocational subjects may be taught during the first four years as
well. Length of vocational courses may vary from one to three years up to
vocational programmes. Vocational schools do not award secondary school leaving
certificates and the level of the vocational qualification is lower than that
in the vocational secondary schools. Higher
education: Hungarian higher education has
a dual system with colleges and universities. Some colleges are associated with
universities and operate as college faculties of the universities. A university
can also offer college level courses. The duration of training at college level
is minimum 3 years, maximum 4 years; the duration of education at university
level is minimum 4 years, maximum 5 years (with the exception of medical
universities where it is 6 years). According to the binary pattern, colleges
and universities grant Föiskolai Oklevél (college level degree) and
universities grant Egyetemi Oklevél (university level degree). Universities
organize three-year PhD courses, specialized further education courses (with a
normal duration of two years) and various continuous education courses. The Act
LXXX of 1993 on Higher Education established two institutions to provide
professional advice on the development and control of higher education: the
Hungarian Accreditation Committee (HAC) and the Higher Education and Scientific
Council (HESC). On 1 June 1999, Parliament passed Act LII of 1999 on
Restructuring the Institutions of Higher Education and amended Act LXXX of 1993
on Higher Education. By passing the above law the number of state run
universities and colleges decreased significantly. The number of higher
education institutions was 89 (55 run by the State, 28 by Churches and 6 by
foundations). At present, the new
network of higher education institutions consists of 17 state universities, 1
non-state university, 13 colleges, 26 Church universities and colleges and 9
colleges run by foundations. Main
laws/decrees governing higher education: Decree: Act LII on restructuring the
institutions of higher education Year: 1999 Decree: Act LXXX on Higher
Education (amended and modified several times) Year: 1993 Concerns:
all
higher education institutions Academic
year: Classes
from: Sep to: Jun Long
vacation from: Jul to: Aug Languages
of instruction: Hungarian Stages
of studies: Non-university level post-secondary studies
(technical/vocational type): Non-university
level: Since September 1,
1996, a new form of higher learning has been introduced : accredited higher
vocational training (akkreditált iskolai rendszerü felsöfokú szakképzés). It is
integrated into the system of higher education. This short-cycle post-secondary
course is not a degree course. The graduates obtain a vocational certificate
(bizonyítvány). The 2-year programmes are offered mainly by colleges (sometimes
by universities) and in many cases in collaboration with secondary vocational
schools.Higher, more practice-oriented education is offered in non-university
higher education institutions (főiskola). Courses last for three or four years
and graduates obtain a College Degree (Főiskolai Oklevél). This qualification -
which may also be called "Bachelor" - entitles holders to practise a
profession or to continue higher education studies and obtain the Szakosító
Oklevél (Post-college Specialization Degree) in one to two years or in some
cases the Egyetemi Oklevél (University Degree). Universities may also offer
college level courses. University level studies: University
level first stage: Higher education at university level generally
consists of a course, usually four to six years in duration, which confers,
after the defence of a thesis and successful completion of the final
examination, the higher education qualification of Oklevél/Egyetemi Oklevél
(University Degree). This qualification - which may also be called
"Master's"- entitles holders to practise a profession or to continue
higher education studies and obtain a Szakirányú Továbbképzési Oklevél
(Post-university Specialization degree) in one to three years or to pursue
doctoral studies. University
level second stage: University studies: The Szakirányú Továbbképzési Oklevél (Further
Specialization Degree) may be obtained after the Föiskolai Oklevél (College
Degree) or Egyetemi Oklevél (University Degree) after following a programme of
one to two years. University
level third stage: Postgraduate studies: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph D),
Doctor of Liberal Arts (DLA): Doctoral studies are
another type of postgraduate studies. This stage of higher education leads to
the degrees of Doktor or Mester three
years after the Oklevél/ Egyetemi Oklevél. The Doktor and Mester are awarded by
a Committee of the University after not less than three years' research
following upon the Oklevél/Egyetemi Oklevél and the submission of a thesis/dissertation
and an oral examination which includes foreign languages. The new Hungarian
Doctorate (Doctor of Philosophy and, in the case of Arts universities, the Doctor of Liberal Arts degree)
corresponds to what is known and recognized internationally as a PhD. Teacher education: Training
of pre-primary and primary/basic school teachers Kindergarten and primary school teachers are
trained at college level in teacher training colleges (főiskola) for three
years (kindergarten teachers) and for four years (basic school teachers).
Second cycle primary school teachers follow a four-year course at a college of
education and specialize in two subjects. According to the 1996 Amendment of
the Public Education Act, a college or university qualification is needed to
teach academic subjects or a special field of the National Core Curriculum in
elementary education. Training
of secondary school teachers Secondary school teachers are trained in four or
five years in universities and specialize in one or two subjects. Training
of higher education teachers According to the
Higher Education Act, only those with a university degree may work as teachers
or lecturers in higher education institutions. The Higher Education Teaching
Qualification may only be obtained after four or five years of university
study. Non-traditional studies: Distance
higher education Levelező tagozatos oktatás: correspondence courses
are organized at universities and colleges and the diplomas awarded are
equivalent to those granted to full-time students. Higher
education training in industry Non-formal studies pursued outside the traditional
schooling system are organized in institutions run by industry, state-financed
agencies, social organizations, and management training centres. Other
forms of non-formal higher education Evening or
correspondence courses, run by higher education institutions, are widely
available within the framework of adult education. NATIONAL BODIES Administration
& co-ordination: Responsible
authorities: Ministry of Education Head: József Pálinkás, Minister Szalay
utca 10-14 Tel: +36(1) 473-7333 +36(1) 473-7332 Fax: +36(1) 269-2437 EMail: jozsef.palinkas@om.gov.hu WWW: http://www.om.hu Hungarian Rectors'
Conference Head: Zoltán Gaál, President Administrative officer: Mariann Varga,
Secretary-General Ajtósi
Dürer sor 19-21 Tel: +36(1) 344-0310 Fax: +36(1) 251-3003 EMail: Secretary@fksz.huninet.hu WWW: http://www.fksz.huninet.hu Hungarian
Accreditation Committee (HAC)(Magyar Akkreditációs Bizottság) Head: Pál Michelberger International relations: Krisztina
Rozsnyai, Head, International Relations House of
Professors, Ajtósi Dürer sor 19-21 Tel: +36(1) 344-0314 Fax: +36(1) 344-0313 EMail: titkarsag@mab.hu WWW: http://www.hac.huninet.hu ADMISSIONS TO HIGHER EDUCATION Admission
to non university higher education studies Name of
secondary school credential required: Erettségi Bizonyítvány For
entry to: Accredited higher vocational education Numerus
clausus/restrictions: Restrictions in some cases,
depending on available places Admission
to university-level studies Name of
secondary school credential required: Erettségi Bizonyítvány For
entry to: all colleges, university colleges and university colleges Alternatives
to credentials: no Numerus
clausus/restrictions: Restrictions in some cases depending on places available Foreign
students admission Definition
of foreign student: Students who are not Hungarian nationals and have not
settled in Hungary Admission
requirements: Foreign students must hold a Secondary School Leaving Certificate (issued
after the completion of 12 years of study or eleven years if primary and
secondary education comprise eleven years in that particular country and entitles
its holder to apply for admission to an institution of higher education in the
given country) or its equivalent. Students are admitted to higher education
institutions on the basis of an entrance examination. Health
requirements: For some courses yes Language
requirements: Knowledge of the Hungarian language is a requirement in courses conducted
in Hungarian. Hungarian higher education institutions also offer higher
education programmes in foreign languages. In this case the knowledge of the
given language is a prerequisite. Application
procedures: Apply to
individual institution for entry to: all higher education institutions. Application
closing dates: For
non-university level (technical/vocational type) studies: 1 Mar For
university level studies: 1 Mar For
advanced/doctoral studies: May Recognition
of studies & qualifications: Studies
pursued in home country (System of recognition/accreditation): The Hungarian
Accreditation Committee (HAC) (http://www.hac.huninet.hu/index.html)
continuously monitors the standard of training and scientific activity in
higher education institutions. All programmes have to be approved by the HAC. Studies
pursued in foreign countries (bodies dealing with recognition of foreign
credentials): Hungarian
Equivalence and Information Centre, Ministry of Education Head: Gábor Meszáros, Director Szalay
utca 10-14 Tel: +36(1) 473-7321 +36(1) 473-7325 Fax: +36(1) 332-1932 EMail: gabor.meszaros@om.gov.hu WWW: http://www.naric.hu Deals
with credential recognition for entry to: Profession Services
provided & students dealt with: Academic and professional recognition of foreign
certificates, diplomas and degrees; recommendations for educational
institutions concerning the academic recognition of foreign certificates,
diplomas and degrees . Other
information sources on recognition of foreign studies: Act C of 2001 on the
recognition of foreign certificates and degrees. It can be found on the web
site www.naric.hu Special
provisions for recognition: For
access to university level studies: Act C on the recognition of foreign certificates
and degrees. It also applies to foreigners. For
access to advanced studies and research: Act C on the recognition of
foreign certificates and degrees. It also applies to foreigners. Multilateral
agreements concerning recognition of foreign studies Name of
agreement: Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications Concerning Higher
Education in the European Region (Lisbon Convention) Year of signature: 1997 Name of
agreement: Convention on the Recognition of Studies, Diplomas and Degrees in Higher
Education in Europe Year of signature: 1979 Name of
agreement: The European Convention Year of
signature: 1992 Bilateral
agreements concerning recognition of foreign credentials Year of
signature: 1997 Country/state involved: Austria Year of
signature: 1975 Country/state involved: Bulgaria Year of
signature: 1976 Country/state involved: India Year of
signature: 1982 Country/state involved: Austria Year of
signature: 1980 Country/state involved: Yugoslavia Year of
signature: 1989 Country/state involved: Spain Year of
signature: 1990 Country/state involved: Germany Year of
signature: 1974 Country/state involved: Poland Year of
signature: 1997 Country/state involved: China Year of
signature: 1997 Country/state involved: Romania Year of
signature: 1999 Country/state involved: Slovenia Year of
signature: 2000 Country/state involved: Slovak Republic Year of
signature: 1974 Country/state involved: USSR (former) Year of
signature: 1980 Country/state involved: Poland Year of
signature: 1989 Country/state involved: Czechoslovakia Year of
signature: 1997 Country/state involved: Croatia Name of
agreement: Ukraine Year of
signature: 1998 References
to further information on foreign student admissions and recognition of studies Title: Higher Education in
Hungary : Hungarian Higher Education and Qualifications Author: Hungarian Centre for
Equivalence and International Mobility Publisher:
Ministry
of Culture and Education Year of publication: 1996 Title: Higher Education
Programmes in Foreign Languages in Hungary Publisher:
Hungarian
Equivalence and Information Centre Year of publication: 1999 Title: Study Abroad
2000-2001 Publisher:
UNESCO/IBE Year of
publication: 1999 STUDENT LIFE National
student associations and unions National Conference
of Students' Self-Governing Bodies (HÖOK) House of Professors,
Ajtósí Dürer sor 19-21 Tel: +36(1) 343-6492 Fax: +36(1) 321-2878 EMail: info@hook.huninet.hu WWW: http://www.sc.bme.hu/hook Health/social
provisions Social
security for home students: Yes Social
security for foreign students: Yes Special
student travel fares: By road:
Yes By rail:
Yes By air: Yes Available
to foreign students: Yes Student
expenses and financial aid Student
costs: Home
students tuition fees: Minimum: 0 (Forint) Maximum:
1000000
(Forint) Foreign
students tuition fees: Minimum: 2000 (US Dollar) Maximum:
4500
(US Dollar) Publications
on student services and financial aid: Title: Higher Education
Programmes in Foreign Languages in Hungary Publisher:
Hungarian
Equivalence and Information Centre Year of
publication: 1999 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION & EXCHANGES Principal
national bodies responsible for dealing with international cooperation and
exchanges in higher education: Hungarian
Scholarship Committee House of Professors,
Ajtósí Dürer sor 19-21 Tel: +36(1) 343-4800 Fax: +36(1) 344-0339 WWW: http://www.scholarship.hu TEMPUS Public
Foundation Üllöi út 82 Tel: +36(1) 210-9700 Fax: +36(1) 210-9701 WWW: http://www.tpf.iif.hu Participation
of country in multilateral or bilateral higher education programmes Name of
exchange programme: CEEPUS Name of
exchange programme: SOCRATES Name of
exchange programme: TEMPUS GRADING SYSTEM Usual
grading system in secondary school Full Description:
5:
jeles (excellent); 4: jó (good); 3: közepes (fair); 2: elégséges
(satisfactory); 1: elégtelen (unsatisfactory). Highest
on scale: 5 Pass/fail
level: 2/1 Lowest
on scale: 1 Main
grading system used by higher education institutions Full
Description: Examinations are graded according to the commonly used system 5: jeles
(excellent); 4: jó (good); 3: közepes (fair); 2: elégséges (satisfactory); 1:
elégtelen (unsatisfactory). Highest
on scale: 5 Pass/fail
level: 2/1 Lowest
on scale: 1 Other
main grading systems For the defence of a
thesis a point system or the Latin system (summa cum laude, cum laude, rite)
are used. NOTES ON HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM Data for
academic year: 2001-2002 Source: Hungarian Equivalence and Information Centre, Budapest, 2002 Copyright © International Associations of Universities |
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