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EuroEducation.net The European Education Directory |
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Structure of Educational System Pre-higher Education System Higher Education System Administrative structure of higher education Admissions to Higher Education and Recognition |
INSTITUTION TYPES & CREDENTIALS Types of higher education
institutions: Universidad
(University) Facultad (Faculty) Universidad
Politécnica (Polytechnic University) Colegio
Universitario (University College) Escuela de
Especialización (Specialized School) Escuela Técnica
Superior (Higher Technical School) Escuela Técnica
(Technical School) Escuela
Universitaria (University School) Instituto
Universitario (University Institute) School leaving and higher education
credentials: Título de
Bachillerato Curso de Orientación
Universitaria (COU) Prueba de Acceso a
la Universidad Título de Técnico
Superior Título de Arquitecto
Técnico Título de
Conservador y Restaurador de los Bienes Culturales Título de Diplomado Título de Ingeniero
Técnico Título de Maestro Título Propio Título Superior de
Diseño Professional Title Título de Arquitecto Título de Ingeniero Título de Licenciado Título Superior de
Arte Dramático Título Superior de
Danza Título Superior de
Música Maestría Título de Doctor STRUCTURE OF EDUCATION SYSTEM Pre-higher
education: Duration
of compulsory education: Age of
entry: 6 Age of
exit: 16 Structure of school system: Primary Type of
school providing this education: Primary School Length
of program in years: 6 Age level from: 6 to: 12 Secondary Type of
school providing this education: Compulsory Secondary School (Enseñanza Secundaria
Obligatoria; Institutos de Educación Secundaria, Colegios Privados y Colegios
Concertados) Length
of program in years: 4 Age
level from: 12 to: 16 Certificate/diploma awarded: Graduado en
Educación Secundaria Higher Secondary Type of
school providing this education: Post Compulsory Secondary (Enseñanza Secundaria
Post Obligatoria) (Institutos de Educación Secundaria, Colegios Privados y Colegios Concertados) Length
of program in years: 4 Age
level from: 12 to: 16 Certificate/diploma awarded: Título de
Bachillerato or Título de Técnico Pre-university Type of
school providing this education: Curso de Orientación Universitaria (COU) (last
year available 2001) (Institutos de Educación Secundaria, Colegios Privados y
Colegios Concertados) Length
of program in years: 1 Age
level from: 17 to: 18 Certificate/diploma
awarded: Prueba de acceso a la universidad-selectividad (entrance examination) School
education: Following the 1990 reform, primary education lasts for six years and
compulsory secondary education (ESO) for four years (from 12 to 16) divided
into two two-year cycles (from 12 to 14 and from 14 to 16). It leads to the
Graduado en Educación Secundaria Certificate. This certificate is required for
a) Bachillerato studies (16 to 18) and b) intermediate vocational training
(Ciclos Formativos de Grado Medio). Bachillerato students who have completed
all subjects successfully are awarded the Título de Bachillerato (before the
1990 reform students had to complete the Curso de Orientación Universitaria as
well). To enter university, students must sit for an entrance examination
(Prueba de Acceso a la Universidad). In intermediate vocational training
(Ciclos Formativos de Grado medio) students who successfully complete their
training are awarded the Certificado de Técnico in the relevant field. This
certificate enables them to work in areas related to their training, to pursue
further training or study for a Bachillerato. Higher
education: Higher education is mainly
provided by both public and private universities. Universities are divided into
facultades universitarias, escuelas técnicas superiores, escuelas universitarias,
institutos universitarios, and other centres, notably the colegios
universitarios. The Consejo de Universidades (where the Ministry, the
Comunidades Autónomas and the Universidades are represented) coordinates the
activities of state and private institutions and propose the main lines of
educational policy. It also sets up guidelines for the creation of
universities, centres and institutes. It can also propose measures concerning
advanced postgraduate studies, the defining of qualifications to be officially
recognized throughout the country and standards governing the creation of
university departments. The legislation on university autonomy provides for
administrative, academic and financial autonomy.A new law on Universities (Ley
Orgánica de Universidades n° 121/000045)) was voted on 20 December, 2001 and is
being implemented. Main
laws/decrees governing higher education: Decree: Ley de Reforma
Universitaria (LRU) Year: 1983 Concerns: Universities Decree: Ley Orgánica de
Ordenación General del Sistema Educativo (LOGSE)
Year: 1990 Concerns: All Decree: Ley Orgánica de
Universidades n° 121/000045 Year: 2001 Concerns: Universities Decree: Ley Orgánica del Derecho a la
Educación, no. 8 (LODE) Year: 1985 Decree: Real Decreto 86/1987
of 16 January (BOE of 23 January) and Ministerial Order of 9 February 1987 Year: 1987 Concerns:
Regulations
for the recognition of foreign higher education qualifications Academic
year: Classes
from: Oct to: Jul Languages
of instruction: Catalan, Spanish, Basque, Galician Stages
of studies: Non-university level post-secondary studies
(technical/vocational type): Non-university
level: Centros de formación
profesional especifica de Grado superior offer to holders of the Título de
Bachillerato three-year full-time courses leading to Grado superior
qualifications in areas such as Agriculture, Commerce and Administration.Higher
education Music, Dance and Drama studies lead to a Título Superior de (Música,
Danza, Drama) which is equivalent to the Licenciado degree.Higher education
courses on Preservation and Restoration of historical works of art and Design
as well as Ciclos Formativos de Grado Superior in Plastic Arts and Design lead
to qualifications equivalent to the Diplomado degree. University level studies: University
level first stage: Ciclo básico, primer ciclo: The first cycle of university studies (short term
courses), which is taken in Escuelas Técnicas Superiores, Escuelas
Universitarias and Facultades lasts for three years and leads to the Diplomado,
Ingeniero Técnico or Arquitecto Técnico degrees. These courses lead to long
term courses. University
level second stage: Segundo ciclo, ciclo de especialización: The courses of study leading to Licenciado,
Ingeniero and Arquitecto degrees consist of first cycle and second cycle
studies (long term studies) but a degree is awarded only when the studies of
both cycles have been completed successfully. The Ingeniero and Arquitecto
degrees are awarded following an end-of-course project (proyecto fin de
carrera). Medical studies last for 6 years but Odontology and Veterinary
studies last for five years. These long term courses are taken at Facultades
and Escuelas Técnicas Superiores. The former offer courses in Humanities and
Science and the latter offer courses in Technology, Engineering and
Architecture. University
level third stage: Tercer ciclo, ciclo de especialización para la
investigación y docencia: The third stage is
open to holders of Licenciado,
Arquitecto or Ingeniero degrees and leads to the Doctor's degree (Título de
Doctor) which is awarded after at least four years' further study and research,
and after the submission and defence of a thesis. Another postgraduate degree,
although it is not officially recognized (Título propio del Centro) is the
"Master's" or Maestría degree, awarded after 1 or 2 years of further
study. Teacher education: Training
of pre-primary and primary/basic school teachers Primary-school teachers are trained in Escuelas
universitarias de Formación de Profesorado. A three-year course leads to the
Título de Maestro. Training
of secondary school teachers In order to be able to teach, holders of
Licenciado, Ingeniero or Arquitecto degrees must also hold the Certificado de
Aptitud Pedagógica (CAP). This requirement does not apply to a) holders of
Licenciado en Pedagogía or b) holders of Maestro degrees who also hold a
Licenciado, Ingeniero or Arquitecto degree. Training
of higher education teachers Higher education
teachers are trained in Facultades universitarias or Escuelas técnicas
superiores. They must hold Licenciado, Arquitecto or Ingeniero degrees. After
two years of third-cycle study and the submission of a thesis, they are awarded
a Doctor degree, which is the prerequisite for teaching in faculties and
higher-technical schools. However, in Escuelas universitarias, only
catedráticos (holders of a chair) must meet this requirement. The requirement
for Profesores Titulares is a Licenciado, Ingeniero or Arquitecto degree. Non-traditional studies: Distance
higher education The Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
(UNED) organizes distance learning courses in Law, History and Geography,
Philology, Philosophy and Education, Psychology, Economics and Management,
Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Political Sciences and Sociology, and
Industrial Engineering. UNED also organizes courses giving direct access to
university for adults over 25 who do not hold the required qualifications and
distance courses for which no specific qualification is required. In 1992, the
Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports created the Centre for Innovation and
Development of Distance Education (CIDEAD). Other educational administrations,
amongst which the education Departments for the Communities of Galicia, Navarre
and Valencia, have established distance education for adults in their
respective regions creating the relevant establishments for distance education.
There is also the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Lifelong
higher education Continuous vocational training, according to the
Nuevo Programa Nacional de Formación Profesional (NPNFP) 1998-2002, is
conceived as a number of training actions aiming at the personal, social and
professional promotion of workers. The NPNFP also establishes the tasks of the
Instituto Nacional de Cualificaciones (INCUAL) whose main responsibility is to
propose the setting up and management of the Sistema Nacional de
Cualificaciones profesionales (SNCP) which will facilitate the coordination of
vocational training policies proposed by the Administración General del Estado,
the Autonomous Communities and Social Agents.National agreements have been
reached in order to promote continuous training. The Fundación Tripartita
administers most of the funds on a nation-wide scale.Ministries, Autonomous
Communities and different institutions in the public and private sectors also
organize special courses outside the general education system for the personal
and professional improvement of their employees. Higher
education training in industry Postgraduate
professional courses are offered in universities and by private bodies and
associations and lead to the award of a diploma. NATIONAL BODIES Administration
& co-ordination: Responsible
authorities: Division of Universities,
Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports ( Dirección general de Universidades,
Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte) Head: Julio Iglesias de Ussel,
Secretario de Estado de Educación y Universidades Administrative officer: Ismael Crespo,
Director general de Universidades Serrano
150 Tel: +34(91) 550-5400 WWW: http://www.mec.es Role of governing
body: coordinates
higher education institutions and proposes to the government the main lines of
the educational policy. Council of
Universities (Consejo de Universidades) Head: Pilar del Castillo Vera,
President Administrative officer: Vicente Ortega
Castro, Secretary-General Ciudad
Universitaria s/n Tel: +34(91) 549-3302 Fax: +34(91) 453-9886 EMail: marisa.ramos@curiv.mec.es WWW: http://www.mec.es Role of governing
body: advises,
proposes, plans and regulates activities in the field of higher education. Conference of
Rectors of Spanish Universities (Conferencia de Rectores de las Universidades
españolas) Head: Saturnino de la Plaza Pérez,
President Administrative officer: Félix García
Lausín, Secretary-General C/Principe,
1-5a planta Tel: +34(91) 360-1200 Fax: +34(91) 360-1201 EMail: sgcrue@adm.uned.es WWW: http://www.crue.org ADMISSIONS TO HIGHER EDUCATION Admission
to non university higher education studies Name of
secondary school credential required: Título de Bachillerato Admission
to university-level studies Name of
secondary school credential required: Título de Bachillerato For
entry to: Facultades, Colegios Universitarios, Escuelas Superiores Técnicas Alternatives
to credentials: Over 25s Aptitude test organized by the UNED University, Bachillerato (or
COU) and a specific aptitude test for artistic studies. Título de Técnico
Especialista (or Técnico Superior) for direct access to specific university
studies related to previous studies. Entrance
exams required: Students must sit for the Prueba de Accesso a la Universidad, except for
the Escuelas Universitarias (only Bachillerato, COU or Título de Técnico
Especialista/Técnico Superior). Other
admission requirements: Curso de Orientación Universitaria and Prueba de Acceso
a la Universidad. Foreign
students admission Admission
requirements: Students must have completed their secondary education studies and have
them recognized by the Spanish Ministry of Education. They must also sit for
the Prueba de Aptitud de Acceso a la Universidad. Entry
regulations: Foreign students must have a residence permit and financial guarantees. Health
requirements: Health visa Language
requirements: Students from non-Spanish speaking countries must sit for an examination.
Universities organize language courses. Application
procedures: Apply to
individual institution for entry to: The institution concerned. Application
closing dates: For
non-university level (technical/vocational type) studies: 1 Jul For
university level studies: 1 Jul For
advanced/doctoral studies: 1 Jul Recognition
of studies & qualifications: Studies
pursued in foreign countries (bodies dealing with recognition of foreign
credentials): NARIC, Subdirección
General de Títulos, Convalidaciones y Homologaciones, Ministerio de Educación,
Cultura y Deporte Head: Nieves Trelles, Asesora Técnica Paseo
del Prado 28-4a Tel: +34(91) 506-5593 Fax: +34(91) 506-5706 EMail: nieves.trelles@educ.mec.es WWW: http://www.mec.es Deals
with credential recognition for entry to: University and Profession Services
provided & students dealt with: Provides information to foreigners wishing to follow studies in Spain who apply for the
recognition of their diplomas or partial studies obtained or pursued abroad. Other
information sources on recognition of foreign studies: Universities' governing bodies
have full authority to recognize both the courses taken in foreign institutions
which have not led to a standard qualification and the courses which have led
to standard qualifications but whose recognition has been refused by the
Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport. Special
provisions for recognition: For
access to university level studies: Foreign higher education qualifications awarded by
authorized higher education institutions (where the courses leading to the
awards have been taken), once they have been recognized, have the same academic
and professional equivalence as the corresponding Spanish official higher
education qualifications. Foreign higher education qualifications can be
recognized as equivalent to the Spanish Diplomado, Arquitecto, Técnico or
Ingeniero Técnico degrees, as the case may be, provided they are equivalent to
existing Spanish qualifications awarded by Spanish universities at the time the
application for recognition is submitted.The recognition of foreign
qualifications can only be applied to qualifications included in the catalogue
of official university qualifications.The Universities Council plays a major
role in the recognition process. The contents and duration of courses leading
to the respective qualifications submitted for recognition and their
equivalence to the educational content of Spanish and EU qualifications are
evaluated by sub-committees of experts on different areas of knowledge. For
access to advanced studies and research: (see above) For the
exercise of a profession: (see above) Multilateral
agreements concerning recognition of foreign studies Name of
agreement: Convention On the Recognition of Studies, Diplomas and Degrees in Higher
Education in Europe Year of
signature: 1979 References
to further information on foreign student admissions and recognition of studies Title: Cursos para
extranjeros en España Publisher: Secretaría de Estado de
Universidades e Investigación Title: Estudios en España:
II. Nivel universitario Author: Spain. Ministerio de
Educación y Ciencia. Secretaría General Técnica Publisher: Ministerio de Educación y
Ciencia Title: Guía básica sobre
régimen académica y acceso para alumnos con estudios en el extranjero Publisher: Universidad Complutense de
Madrid - Vice-Rectorado de Alumnos Title: Homologación y
Convalidación de Títulos y Estudios Extranjeros Publisher: Secretaría General Técnica.
Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte Title: Las Enseñanzas
universitarias en España y en la Comunidad Económica Europea Author: Ministerio de Educación
y Ciencia STUDENT LIFE Health/social
provisions Social
security for home students: Yes Social
security for foreign students: Yes Special
student travel fares: By road:
Yes By rail:
Yes By air: Yes Available
to foreign students: Yes Student
expenses and financial aid Student
costs: Home
students tuition fees: Maximum: 3600 (Euro) Bodies
providing information on student financial aid: Ministry of
Education, Culture and Sport 34 Alcalá Tel: +48(1) 532-1300 Deals with:
Grants Category
of students: students with Spanish citizenship or with legal residence in Spain. Publications
on student services and financial aid: Title: Convocatoría general
de Becas para Realizar Estudios en España Publisher: Agencia española de Cooperación
internacional (AECI), Madrid Title: Study abroad
2000-2001 Publisher:
UNESCO/IBE Year of
publication: 1999 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION & EXCHANGES Principal
national bodies responsible for dealing with international cooperation and
exchanges in higher education: Ministry of
Education, Culture and Sport Serrano 150 Tel: +34(1) 550-5400 WWW: http://www.mec.es GRADING SYSTEM Usual grading
system in secondary school Full
Description: 0-10: 10 sobresaliente (matricula de honor); 8.5-9 sobresaliente; 7-8.4
notable; 6-6.9 bien; 5-6 suficiente; below 5 Insuficiente. Highest
on scale: 10 Lowest
on scale: 0 Main
grading system used by higher education institutions Full
Description: 10: matrícula de honor; 9-9.9: sobresaliente; 7-8.9: notable; 5-6.9:
aprobado; below 5: suspenso Highest
on scale: 10 matrícula de honor Pass/fail
level: 5
aprobado Lowest
on scale: 4-1 suspenso Other
main grading systems For theses: apto; no
apto; cum laude; NOTES ON HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM Data for
academic year: 2001-2002 Source: NARIC, Subdirección General de Títulos, Convalidaciones y Homologaciones, Madrid, 2001 Copyright © International Associations of Universities |
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